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Article Dans Une Revue International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction Année : 2022

Inequality growth and recovery monitoring after disaster using indicators based on energy production Case study on Hurricane Irma at the Caribbean in 2017

Croissance des inégalités et résilience après les catastrophes naturelles: un cas d'étude basé sur l'Ouragan Irma dans les Caraïbes en 2017 à partir de la production électrique.

Julien Gargani

Résumé

Recovery and inequality growth after a disaster are often difficult to estimate. In this study, specific indicators were developed to analyze recovery and inequality growth. Here we show that after a major disaster the difference in recovery between two territories causes inequality growth. Energy production is relevant for describing variations in social and economic activities. This indicator was applied to a case study of a natural disaster, that is Hurricane Irma in 2017. The hurricane caused fatalities and destruction in the Caribbean islands of Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy, which are two French overseas territories. Energy production after Hurricane Irma exhibited a significant decrease due to the destruction of the electricity network as well as perturbations in economic and social activities. The energy production restoration rate was faster in Saint Barthelemy than in Saint Martin. The energy production 18 months after Hurricane Irma was identical to that before Hurricane Irma in Saint Barthelemy, whereas this was not the case in Saint Martin. During recovery, an increase in the gap between energy production in Saint Barthelemy and Saint Martin was observed. This gap represents an inequality growth between Saint Barthelemy and Saint Martin. The indicators emphasized that the wealthier territories recover faster than the less wealthy and that natural disasters favors inequality growth. Inequality growth is expected to occur with natural disaster development. The number of inhabitants must be considered during indicator construction to avoid any bias.
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hal-03723466 , version 1 (29-08-2022)

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Julien Gargani. Inequality growth and recovery monitoring after disaster using indicators based on energy production Case study on Hurricane Irma at the Caribbean in 2017. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2022, ⟨10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103166⟩. ⟨hal-03723466⟩
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